Indian Capital Gains Tax Framework
Capital gains taxation in India differentiates between short-term capital gains (STCG) and long-term capital gains (LTCG) based on statutory holding period thresholds:
- Listed Equity Shares & Equity Mutual Funds: Holding period threshold is 12 months. STCG is taxed at 20% under Section 111A. LTCG is taxed at 12.5% under Section 112A above ₹1.25 lakh annual exemption.
- Specified Debt Mutual Funds: Under Section 50AA, gains from funds with $\le 35\%$ equity are deemed short-term capital gains irrespective of holding tenure and taxed at your applicable personal income tax slab rate.
- Listed Bonds & Debentures: LTCG after 12 months is taxed at 12.5% without indexation.
- Sovereign Gold Bonds (SGB): Redemption at maturity by RBI is 100% tax exempt under Section 47(viiic). Secondary market sales on exchange attract 12.5% LTCG after 12 months.